Open Sidebar:
Hearsay - A statement made by someone who is not present in court and is offered to prove the truth of the matter being asserted. Hearsay is generally not admissible as evidence.
Objection - A formal challenge to the admission of evidence or a request for a ruling from the judge on a legal issue.
Burden of proof - The obligation to prove a fact or set of facts in a legal dispute, typically resting on the party making a claim or bringing a lawsuit.
Beyond a reasonable doubt - The standard of proof required in criminal cases, meaning that the prosecution must prove the defendant's guilt to a moral certainty.
Preponderance of the evidence - The standard of proof required in civil cases, meaning that the party with the burden of proof must show that their version of events is more likely than not to be true.
Direct evidence - Evidence that directly proves a fact in dispute, such as a witness's testimony about what they saw or heard.
Circumstantial evidence - Evidence that indirectly proves a fact in dispute, such as evidence of motive, opportunity, or intent.
Jury instructions - Directions given by the judge to the jury regarding the applicable law and how it should be applied to the facts of the case.
Exclusionary rule - The rule that evidence obtained in violation of a defendant's constitutional rights is not admissible in court.
Affirmative defense - A defense in which the defendant admits the facts alleged by the plaintiff but asserts a separate reason for not being liable, such as self-defense or necessity.
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